Genome-wide analysis of microRNA156 and its targets, the genes encoding SQUAMOSA promoter-binding protein-like (SPL) transcription factors, in the grass family Poaceae / 浙江大学学报（英文版）（B辑：生物医学和生物技术）

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous small non-coding RNAs that play an important role in post-transcriptional gene regulation in plants and animals by targeting messenger RNAs (mRNAs) for cleavage or repressing translation of specific mRNAs. The first miRNA identified in plants, miRNA156 (miR156), targets the SQUAMOSA promoter-binding protein-like (SPL) transcription factors, which play critical roles in plant phase transition, flower and plant architecture, and fruit development. We identified multiple copies of

Analysis of HPA1-16 and HLA-A, B gene polymorphisms among ethnic Han population from Shandong / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the polymorphisms of human platelet antigen (HPA) 1-16 and human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A and -B loci among ethnic Han population from Shandong.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 588 samples from platelet donors were genotyped for the above loci with sequence-specific primer PCR and sequence-specific oligonucleotide probe PCR.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The frequencies of HPA-la, -1b, HPA-2a, -2b, HPA-3a, -3b, HPA-4a, -4b, HPA-5a, -5b, HPA-6a, -6b, HPA-15a, -15b were 0.9974, 0.0026, 0.9456, 0.0544, 0.5417, 0.4583, 0.9983, 0.0017, 0.9889, 0.0111, 0.9903, 0.0097, 0.5434 and 0.4583, respectively. The HPA-7-14 and HPA-16 showed no heterozygosity as the b allele was not detected in such loci. The most common genotypic combination for HPA was HPA-(1,4,7-14,16,17) aa-2aa-3ab-5aa -6aa-15ab (0.1820). HLA-A2 (0.3070) and HLA-B13 (0.1361) demonstrated the highest frequencies at their respective loci.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The HPA and HLA loci are highly polymorphic among ethnic Hans from Shandong. The distribution of HPA polymorphisms also shows a great ethnic and territorial difference. It is important to construct regional database for the genotypes of HPA and HLA loci for platelet donors.</p>

Isolation of an aryloxyphenoxy propanoate (AOPP) herbicide-degrading strain Rhodococcus ruber JPL-2 and the cloning of a novel carboxylesterase gene (feh)

The strain JPL-2, capable of degrading fenoxaprop-P-ethyl (FE), was isolated from the soil of a wheat field and identified as Rhodococcus ruber. This strain could utilize FE as its sole carbon source and degrade 94.6% of 100 mg L−1 FE in 54 h. Strain JPL-2 could also degrade other aryloxyphenoxy propanoate (AOPP) herbicides. The initial step of the degradation pathway is to hydrolyze the carboxylic acid ester bond. A novel esterase gene feh, encoding the FE-hydrolyzing carboxylesterase (FeH) responsible for this initial step, was cloned from strain JPL-2. Its molecular mass was approximately 39 kDa, and the catalytic efficiency of FeH followed the order of FE > quizalofop-P-ethyl > clodinafop-propargyl > cyhalofop-butyl > fluazifop-P-butyl > haloxyfop-P-methyl > diclofop-methy, which indicated that the chain length of the alcohol moiety strongly affected the hydrolysis activity of the FeH toward AOPP herbicides.

Optimization of the urine trace albumin and glycosylated hemoglobin measurements by response surface methodology / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To optimize the measurements of glycosylated hemoglobin and urine trace albumin based on the response surface methodology .Methods 60 cases of patients with diabetes were enrolled .All the patients were collected 3 mL fasting blood and 6 mL urine in the morning .The simple factors experiment was taken in different maintain temperatures and times .Based on the Box-Behnken design principles ,the temperatures and times were as the factors influencing .The response surface methodology was proceeding centered on the condition that the maintain temperature was 4 ℃ and the maintain time was 3 d .Results The best tem-perature for save urine and blood was 4 ℃ and the best time was 1 d .In this condition ,the measured value of glycosylated hemoglo-bin and urine trace albumin were mostly closed to the ideal value .Conclusion Using the response surface methodology ,the measure condition of glycosylated hemoglobin and urine trace albumin can be optimized .

The diagnostic value of ultrasound-guided pleural biopsy combined with biochemical detections in ;pleural effusions of malignant and tuberculous origin / 中华医学超声杂志（电子版）

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of ultrasound-guided pleural biopsy combined with thoracic biochemical detections in malignant and tuberculous pleural effusions. Methods Sixty-four patients with moderate or large pleural effusions and pleural thickening received the ultrasound-guided diagnostic pleural biopsy. All patients had chest CT enhancement scans to find out the suspicious pleural thickening preoperatively, facilitating the selection of puncture sites by ultrasound. Pleural tissue samples were sent for pathological examinations immediately. After successful achievements of pleural biopsy, ultrasound-guided aspiration or drainage was performed to alleviate symptoms, more importantly, to get pleural effusions for biochemical analysis. Biological results including carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA), CA125, CYFRA21 and lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) in malignant and tuberculous effusions were analyzed by group design t tests. The positive rates of CEA, CA125, CYFRA21, LDH in malignant and tuberculous effusions were compared by chi square tests. Results Pleural tissues in all cases were got by one pleural biopsy procedure. The strategy of pleural biopsy we used in this study had a successful rate reaching 100%(64/64), and 73% (46/64) patients had a definitive diagnosis as malignant or tuberculous effusion. Twenty-seven cases were diagnosed as malignant effusions and thirty-seven cases as tuberculous effusions based on the deifnitive clinical diagnosis. The positive rates of CEA, CA125, CYFRA21, LDH in malignant effusions were 100%(27/27), 100%(27/27), 100%(27/27), 89%(24/27) respectively, and 0%(0/37), 84%(31/37), 78%(29/37), 76%(28/37) respectively in tuberculous effusions. The positive rate of CEA between malignant and tuberculous effusions differed signiifcantly (χ2=64.0, P < 0.01), so did CA125 (χ2=3.1, P < 0.01) and CYFRA21(χ2=4.8, P<0.01). The average levels of CEA, CA125, CYFRA21, LDH in pleural effusion were (727.1±658.8)μg/L, (795.2±1249.6)×103 U/L, (296.2±320.7)μg/L, (1077.9±1058.5) U/L respectively, and (1.7±1.1)μg/L, (336.3±208.6)×103 U/L, (20.7±14.9)μg/L, (309.2±182.7) U/L in tuberculous effusions.There were signiifcant differences in CEA, CYFRA21 and LDH concentrations among malignant and tuberculous effusions (t=45.1, 27.4, 18.8 respectively, all P<0.01). Conclusion Ultrasound-guided pleural biopsy combined with CEA, CYFRA21 and LDH in pleural effusions had an important value in the etiological diagnosis of pleural effusions, while CA125 showed little value in the differential diagnosis.

Volume kinetics of lactated Ringer's solution during induction of epidural versus general anesthesia in elderly patients / 中华麻醉学杂志

Objective To compare the volume kinetics of lactated Ringer' s solution during induction of general and epidural anesthesia in elderly patients.Methods Forty ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients,aged 66-86 yr,weighing 45-86 kg,undergoing elective surgery,were studied.In epidural anesthesia group (n =20),lactated Ringer' s solution was infused intravenously starting from 10 min before epidural anesthesia was performed with local anesthetics.In general anesthesia group (n =20),lactated Ringer' s solution 1000 ml was infused intravenously over 60 min starting from 20 min before induction of anesthesia.Arterial blood samples were obtained every 5 min for measurement of hemoglobin concentrations.The plasma dilution,volume increase,and volume expansion efficacy were calculated.Results The plasma dilution,volume increase and volume expansion were significantly higher at 30-60 min of lactated Ringer' s solution infusion in general anesthesia group than in epidural anesthesia group (P ＜ 0.05 or 0.01).Conclusion The volume expansion of lactated Ringer' s solution is greater in elderly patients during induction of general anesthesia than that during induction of epidural anesthesia.

Ultrasounic Diagnosis of Budd-Chiari Syndrome with Hepatic Venous Outflow Obstruction / 中国医学影像学杂志

Purpose:The aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic value of color Doppler Ultrasound in Budd-Chiari Syndrome (BCS) with hepatic venous(HV) outflow obstruction.Materials and Methods:The features of ultrasonography in 138 patients of Budd-Chian Syndrome were analyzed and compared with that of angiography.Results:83 patients had membranous obstruction and 45 segmental occlusion of HV.10 patients had HV stenosis.The ultrasound was able to reveal stenosis,atresia,emboli,or membranous obstruction in hepatic venous outflow tract.Collateral branches could be seen between the hepatic veins with short hepatic vein expanded.Both HV and IVC were involved in 35 cases,with thrombus in IVC in 11 and HV in 7.There was two false positive cases and 3 false negative in ultrasound diagnosis.Conclusion: The position and type of occlusion in HV could be accurately detected by color Doppler ultrasound,and so was the existence and degree of collateral circulation,which were of aid for the operation and follow-up.

Localization diagnosis of insulinoma by contrast-enhanced ultrasonography compared with laparoscopic ultrasonography / 中华超声影像学杂志

Objective To compare the value of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) with that of laparoscopic ultrasonography (LUS) in localization diagnosis of insulinoma. Methods Thirty-three patients with insulinoma,who received operation, were retrospectively reviewed. All cases were examined by both CEUS and LUS before the tumor removed. Both imaging modalities in diagnosis of insulinoma were analyzed. Results By this study the sensitivity and accuracy of CEUS were 92.31% and 90.0% respectively. Those of LUS were consistent with pathologic findings completely. The accuracy of CEUS was not different with that of LUS (χ2 = 4.21, P = 0. 04). Conclusions CEUS can be used for location diagnosis of insulinoma. For the patients expecting laparoscopic treatment, combination of CEUS with LUS will be suggested before insulinoma is removed.

The changes of pulmonary surfactant assodated protein A in BALF with lung injury in rats with blast injury and blast injury combined with hypmia / 中华急诊医学杂志

Objective To investigate the changes of surfactant associated protein A (ST-A) concentration inBALF and its relatiomhips with pulmonary injury after blast injury and blast injury combined with hypoxia. MethodTotally 131 Wistar rats (purchased from animal center of research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, ThirdMilitary Medical University) were randomly divided into four groups: blast injury group ( BI group), blast injurycombined with hypoxia group Ⅰ (BAg Ⅰ group), blast injury combined with hypoxia group Ⅱ (BA Ⅱ group) andnormal control group. After blast injury was made by KST - Ⅰ bio-shock tube, rats of BA Ⅰ and BA Ⅱ groups wereput into hypoxia cabins immediately, where gas mixtures of 12.5% and 10.0% oxygeon were given, respectively.Rats were sacrificed at 1, 3 and 6 hours after injury for gross anatomic examination, light and electron microscopeobservation and lung water determination. The level of SP-A in BALF was detected by Western blot. The data wereprocessed by t test or Chi-square test. Results The respiration increased with shortness of breath and dysphoria inrats of BA Ⅰ and BA Ⅱ groups, and obvious cyanosis on the lips and nose in rats of BA Ⅱ group after blast injury.The lung water in rats of all injury groups was significantly higher than that in normal control group (P<0.05).Gross anatomy changes were mainly pulmonary bleeding and edema. Under light microscope, incrassation of alveo-lar wall, bleeding in alveolar and mesenchyme edema were found. Whereas under electron microscope, breakageof alveolar wall and decrease of lamellar bodies in type Ⅱ cell were observed. All these changes were most obviousin BA Ⅱ group followed by BA Ⅰ and BI groups in severity decling order, with mortality rate of 37.5%, 11.1%and 2.1% respectively at 6 hours (P<0.01). The SP-A level in BALF decreased significantly (P<0.01) andhad a good negative relationship with the lung water after injury (r=0.796, P<0.001 ). Conclusions Blastinjury combined with hypoxia significantly deteriorates the lung injury. More severe and longer hypoxia may resultin more severe lung injury and higher mortality rate. A decrease in SP-A value in BALF shows a good negative re-lationship with the pulmonary edema. The SP-A can be a good indicator for lung injury severity after blast injuryand blast injury combined with hypoxia.

Ultrasound densitometry analysis of human carotid plaque components / 解放军医学杂志

Objective To correlate the ultrasound imaging of atherosclerotic carotid in vivo and in vitro with the histological analysis, and to evaluate the usefulness of gray scale ultrasound densitometry analysis of ultrasound images. Methods Twenty-two carotid plaque lesions of 20 patients were examined by high resolution B-mode ultrasound pre- and post operatively, and the images of carotid plaque were quantitatively analyzed by 256 gray scale ultrasound densitometry. The transverse pathological sections of the plaques were made, and matched and compared with the images of ultrasound. Results Ultrasound density measurement of calcium, fibrous tissue, hemorrhage / thrombus and lipid deposits was 89?12, 53?8, 37?6, and 39?3 respectively in vivo, and was 168?11, 136?12, 85?12 and 89?10 respectively in vitro. Besides the comparison between hemorrhage and lipid deposits, there were significant statistic differences of density measurement between different components. Conclusions Gray scale ultrasound densitometry analysis can provide quantitative measurement of atherosclerotic carotid plaque, and is useful for evaluate the stability of the plaque.